01. What are primary features of message brokers like OpenStack Zaqar?
a) Low data throughput
b) Asynchronous message processing
c) Limited to point-to-point messaging
d) Decoupling of message producers and consumers
02. You need to automate the deployment of software across hundreds of servers using Chef. To ensure the configuration can be reused across different environments (development, testing, production), you need to apply different configurations based on environment variables. Which Chef feature should you use to manage this?
a) Nodes
b) Cookbooks
c) Environments
d) Roles
03. Your team wants to ensure that critical services in your infrastructure are available 99.9% of the time. You need to monitor key metrics and receive immediate notifications if availability drops below the target. What combination of tools should you use to achieve this?
a) Jenkins with continuous integration
b) Prometheus with Alertmanager and Grafana
c) Docker containers and Kubernetes
d) Ansible with configuration management
04. Ansible can manage secrets securely using the ______ command, which encrypts sensitive data for use in playbooks.
a) ansible-vault
b) ansible-encrypt
c) ansible-secrets
d) ansible-hide
05. A Dockerfilecontains the statements:
COPY data/ /data/
VOLUME /data
What happens when the resulting container is started without any additional volume configuration?
(Choose two correct answers.)
a) An error is raised because /data/ already contains data when the volume is mounted.
b) Changes to files within /data/ affect the Docker image and all other containers derived from it.
c) Existing files from /data/ in the image are copied to the new volume.
d) Files existing in /data/ in the image are not available in the running container.
e) A new volume is created and mounted to /data/ within the new container.
06. How do message queues in systems like OpenStack Zaqar enhance application performance?
a) By synchronizing message delivery
b) Through direct coupling of services
c) By reducing data storage needs
d) By enabling asynchronous communication
07. A development team is working with Jenkins to automate their deployment pipeline. They want to run unit tests, integration tests, and deployment tasks sequentially. Which Jenkins feature should they use to model their pipeline?
a) Freestyle Jobs
b) Declarative Pipeline
c) Credentials Plugin
d) Docker Pipeline Plugin
08. Which security issues exist for most publicly available Vagrant boxes?
(Choose three correct answers.)
a) They accept SSH logins from the user vagrantwith the password vagrant.
b) They accept SSH logins from the user vagrantwith a publicly available SSH key pair.
c) The vagrant user can use sudoto obtain root privileges without additional authentication.
d) Their whole file system, including configuration files, is writable by any user, including vagrant.
e) They export their file system via NFS with full write permissions without any additional restrictions.
09. The file index.php was modified locally but not committed. Which Git command restores it to the last committed version in the current branch?
a) git revert index.php
b) git clean index.php
c) git reset index.php
d) git checkout -- index.php
10. Your organization uses Puppet to manage its servers, but you need to make sure that a specific configuration is only applied to a group of servers based on their operating system. Which Puppet feature allows you to define configurations that apply to a specific group of servers?
a) Classes
b) Modules
c) Nodes
d) Roles