CertNexus CIoTP (IoT Practitioner) Exam Syllabus

The Impact of IoT - 18%

• Innovation
• HR practices and processes (hiring, training, advancement)
• Skill adjacencies
• Management commitment

- Security, privacy, and safety concerns
- Cost of transition
- Digital disruption
- Immaturity of standards, regulations, and oversight
- Retrofitting modern design into an existing infrastructure

• Position
• Proximity
• Sound
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Accelerometer
• Gyro
• Magnetometer
• Infrared
• Camera
• Voltage
• Current
• Pressure
• Ambient light
• Radiation
• Chemical
• Motion

- Actuators

• Solenoid
• Motor
• Servo
• Relay
• Switch
• Stepper motor

- Power sources

• Backup generators (fixed applications)
• Generators/alternators (mobile applications)
• Battery
• Solar
• Wind
• Water
• Power grid

- Input/output

• ADC
• DAC
• I/O modules

- Edge and fog computing

• Edge/fog computing capabilities
  1. Application processing
  2. Real-time processing
  3. HMI
  4. Monitoring
  5. Storage
  6. Device management
  7. Safety and security
  8. Analytics/AI
• Computing elements
  1. Things/end-point devices
  - Connect to sensors and actuators directly to collect data
  - Optionally connect to and send data to the cloud or an IoT gateway
  - Receive and act upon device commands from the cloud or the IoT gateway
  2. IoT gateway
  - Implementations (vary by industry)
  * Dedicated hardware device
  * Software function
• Hardware platforms
  1. Maker/proof of concept platforms
  - Arduino
  - Raspberry Pi
  - BeagleBone
  2. Commercial MCUs and application processors
  - ARM
  - x86
• Programming languages
  1. Java
  2. Python
  3. C/C++
  4. Swift
  5. Rust
  6. Go
  7. Assembly language
  8. Java Script
  9. C#
• Frameworks
  1. Node
  2. .NET
  3. Angular
• Operating systems
  1. Linux
  2. FreeRTOS
  3. Contiki
  4. Wind River VxWorks
  5. Android Things
  6. ARM Mbed OS
  7. Apple iOS

- ​Location awareness

• GPS
• Galileo
• GLONASS
• BeiDou

• Industrial Ethernet standards
  1. PROFINET
  2. EIP
  3. EtherCAT
  4. IEEE 1588 v2
  5. TSN
• Legacy field buses
  1. PROFIBUS
  2. Modbus
  3. HART

- Wireless protocols/technologies

• Near range
  1. NFC
  2. Passive RFID
  3. Active RFID
• Medium range
  1. 802.15.4
  - Zigbee
  - Thread
  2. Z-Wave
  3. Bluetooth/BLE
  4. 802.11 (Wi-Fi)
• Long range
  1. Cellular
  2. Satellite
  3. Sigfox
  4. LoRa/LoRaWAN
  5. RPMA

- Applications/messaging protocols

• MQTT
• AMQP
• HTTP/HTTPS
• CoAP

- IoT networking

• IP addressing
  1. IPv4
  2. IPv6
• Routing and QoS
• Encryption
• SDN/NFV
• Encapsulation and bridging

• On premise
• Cloud
  1. Public cloud
  2. Private cloud
• Hybrid

- Cloud service models

• SaaS
• PaaS
• IaaS

- Cloud platforms

• Microsoft Azure
• Amazon Web Services
• Google Cloud Platform
• IBM Cloud
• Oracle Cloud
• SAP Cloud Platform
• Huawei FusionSphere

- Common functions of IoT platforms

• Device management
• Security management
• Data management

- Virtualization technologies

• Hypervisors
• Containers

- IoT data analytics

• Techniques
  1. Streaming analytics
  2. Predictive analytics
  3. Prescriptive analytics
• Tools
  1. Spark
  2. Hadoop
  3. Cassandra

- AI

• Techniques
  1. Machine learning/cognitive computing
  2. Computer vision
  3. Natural language processing
• Tools
  1. TensorFlow
  2. Caffe
  3. Theano
  4. Torch

• Applications
  1. Fuel management
  2. Fleet management
  3. Crop management
  4. Livestock management
  5. Weather forecasting
  6. Soil optimization
  7. Water management
• Examples of things
  1. Harvester
  2. Planter
  3. Sprayer
  4. Drones
  5. Irrigation systems
  6. Livestock monitor

- Security/public safety

• Applications
  1. Traffic management/control
  2. Public safety monitoring/control
  3. Environmental monitoring
  4. Emergency services (police/fire/EMS/HAZMAT)
• Examples of things
  1. Cameras
  2. Traffic sensors
  3. Drones
  4. Detectors (smoke/carbon monoxide/radon)
  5. Radio/communication systems
  6. Body cameras
  7. Vehicles

- Retail

• Applications
  1. Access control
  2. Security
  3. Inventory management
  4. Vending and payment
  5. Proximity-based/location-based monitoring
  - Advertising
  - Directions
  - Crowd control
  6. Distribution systems
  - Warehouse
  - Transportation
  - Logistics
  - Customer analytics
  - Real-time pricing
  - Energy management
• Examples of things
  1. Card readers
  2. POS
  - Cash register
  - Mobile payment capture
  3. Self-serve kiosks
  4. BLE/NFC beacons
  5. Mobile devices
  - Smartphones
  - Tablets
  6. Digital signage

- Transportation and logistics

• Applications
  1. Fleet management
  2. Fuel and engine management
  3. Operations and maintenance
  - Diagnostics
  - Predictive maintenance
  - Regulatory compliance
  4. Telematics
• Examples of things
  1. Aircraft
  2. Vehicles
  3. Locomotives
  4. Ships
  5. Radar systems
  6. GPS
  7. Engines

- Manufacturing

• Applications
  1. Factory/process/machine automation
  2. Robotics
  3. Asset and inventory management
  4. Supply chain management
  5. Predictive maintenance
  6. AR
• Examples of things
  1. PLC/PAC/CNC
  2. Robots/cobots
  3. Motor drives
  4. Machine vision cameras

- Healthcare, medical, and life science

• Applications
  1. Telemedicine/remote care/remote monitoring
  2. Connected hospital
  3. Robotic surgery
  4. Patient monitoring
  5. Drug supply chain monitoring
  6. Tracking laboratory samples
  7. Cold chain monitoring
• Examples of things
  1. Surgical robots
  2. Sleep monitors
  3. Pacemakers
  4. Insulin pumps
  5. Glucose monitor
  6. CPAP machines
  7. Lab equipment

- Consumer and home

• Applications
  1. Home automation
  2. Home security
  3. Water/gas/electric management
  4. Connected appliances
• Examples of things
  1. Thermostat
  2. Smart hub
  3. Surveillance cameras
  4. Garage door opener
  5. Refrigerator
  6. Wearables

- Energy and utilities

• Applications
  1. Smart grid
  2. Energy management
  3. SCADA
  4. Automatic meter reading
  5. Power distribution automation
  6. Inspection and preventive maintenance
  7. Flow control
  8. Energy trading
• Examples of things
  1. Protection relays
  2. Connected meters
  3. Solar panels
  4. Wind turbines
  5. Water/oil/gas pipelines

- Buildings

• Applications
  1. Automated lighting
  2. Waste management
  3. Building management systems
  4. Surveillance and security
  5. Occupancy management
  6. Self-aware buildings
  7. Air quality management
• Examples of things
  1. Card readers
  2. Cameras
  3. Toll gates
  4. HVAC systems
  5. Power distribution systems
  6. Monitoring devices (environment, presence, etc.)
  7. Elevators/escalators

• Applications
  1. Cost efficiency
  2. Warfighter effectiveness
  3. C2
  4. ISR
  5. Intracommunications
  6. Unmanned systems
  7. Human performance
  8. Logistics tracking
  9. Medical tracking
• Examples of things
  1. Tanks
  2. Aircraft
  3. Drones
  4. Ships
  5. Submarines
  6. Connected warfighter
  7. Satellites

• Applications
  1. Route optimization
  2. Smart parking
  3. Smart lighting
  4. Traffic management
  5. Security and threat detection
  6. Noise management
  7. Air quality control
  8. Waste management
  9. Structural integrity monitoring
  10. Public transportation
• Examples of things
  1. Connected garbage receptacle
  2. Street lights
  3. Traffic lights
  4. Connected vehicles
  5. Connected manhole
  6. Cameras
  7. Light rail/subway systems

• Trojan horse
• Backdoor
• Keylogger
• Ransomware
• Spyware
• Worms
• Viruses

- Network attacks

• DoS/DDoS
  1. Botnets
• MITM
• Wireless attacks
• Spoofing
• Pharming

- Password attacks

• Password cracking
• Password sniffing

- Social engineering

• Phishing
• Spearphishing
• Shoulder surfing/dumpster diving
• Impersonation

- Elevation of privilege
- Fuzzing
- Cross-site scripting
- Code injection
- Buffer overflow

• SQL injection

• Confidentiality
  1. Data encryption
• Integrity
  1. Blockchain
  2. Nonrepudiation
• Availability
  1. DoS/DDoS defense
  2. High availability

- AAA
- Firmware/software

• Secure firmware updates
• OS hardening
• Secure coding
• Code review/scanning
• Application security

- Physical security
- Vulnerability assessment

• Penetration testing

- Data anonymization

• Autonomous vehicle accidents
• Aircraft accidents
• Transportation accidents
• Workplace accidents
• Industrial disasters

- Infrastructure outages

• Mass power outages
• Mass Internet outages

- Biological/medical

• Water supply contamination
• Failure/hacking of diagnostic/treatment devices

- Supply chain disruption

• Contamination of the food supply
• Slipping in counterfeit or substandard parts into the supply chain
• Interruption of logistics